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The prevention of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Shepparton, Victoria, Australia. email: glynteale{at}tpg.com.au

Prevention strategies for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) have relied largely on secondary prevention by detection using cervical cytology. Recent developments include a potential role for liquid-based cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV) testing, the prospect of molecular markers of CIN and a possible role for optoelectronic devices. Primary prevention by vaccination shows promise although the exact direction of vaccination programmes remains unclear. General health measures such as smoking reduction may improve CIN; improved sexual health may reduce HPV exposure and the risks of Chlamydia trachomatis, now recognised as a risk for CIN. The role of dietary manipulation and the benefit of male circumcision are being investigated.

Keywords Keywords / cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) / human papillomavirus (HPV) / prevention / screening / vaccines