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The current understanding of polycystic ovary syndrome

Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist and Subspecialist in Reproductive Medicine and Surgery, Clarendon Wing, The General Infirmary, Leeds, LS2 9NS, UK. email: adam.balen{at}leedsth.nhs.uk

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous condition which consists of the presence of two out of the following three criteria: oligo- and/or anovulation, hyperandrogenism (clinical and/or biochemical), polycystic ovaries, with the exclusion of other aetiologies. The association between abdominal obesity and hyperinsulinaemia plays a key role in the pathophysiology of PCOS and worsens both reproductive and long-term health. Management is directed towards an individual's needs. A variety of therapies may be used to regulate the menstrual cycle, induce ovulation and improve signs of hyperandrogenism. Lifestyle improvement, however, is the most successful modifier of long-term health.

Keywords Keywords / hyperandrogenism / insulin resistance / metformin / ovulation induction / polycystic ovary syndrome